C2 Proficiency (CPE): Writing Test Seven

Democracy's Obligation

Compulsory voting represents a crucial step towards truly representative democracy. When voting is optional, participation often skews towards older, wealthier, and more privileged demographics, leading to policies that fail to reflect the needs of entire communities. Mandatory voting ensures politicians must appeal to all sectors of society, not just their core supporters, fostering more moderate and inclusive policies. Countries with compulsory voting report higher levels of political engagement and knowledge, as citizens feel motivated to understand the issues they're required to vote on. The system also reduces the impact of extreme weather or personal circumstances on election outcomes, while minimising the influence of money in politics since parties need not spend extensively on encouraging turnout. Furthermore, compulsory voting reinforces the notion that democratic participation is not just a right but a civic duty, essential for maintaining a healthy democracy.

The Right Not to Vote

Mandatory voting fundamentally contradicts democratic principles by removing individual choice from the democratic process. Forcing disinterested or uninformed citizens to vote can lead to random or protest voting, potentially distorting election outcomes more than voluntary abstention would. The argument that compulsory voting increases political engagement is flawed; genuine political interest cannot be legislated into existence. Many citizens abstain from voting as a conscious political statement, expressing their dissatisfaction with available options or the political system itself. Compelling people to vote imposes an unnecessary burden, particularly on those working multiple jobs or caring for dependents. The resources required to enforce voting mandates could be better spent on civic education and making voting more accessible. Moreover, the right to vote necessarily includes the right not to vote; any system that forces political participation undermines the very freedom it claims to protect.